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    2010~2019年京津冀产业链与创新链融合发展研究

    摘要

    本报告结合产业链的形成及演化规律,从城市群内产业链中关键节点的空间布局情况、产业链中关键节点行业的比较优势来源、城市群内产业链的演化特征、城市群内创新资源的分布及区域间溢出效应多个角度对京津冀产业链与创新链的融合发展现状进行分析。研究发现:沧州、保定和邢台是京津冀城市群内制造业产业链核心节点较多的区域;天津、唐山、张家口、承德比较优势行业的形成与区位条件存在紧密关联;沧州的产业政策优势对其产业链中关键节点的发展起着明显的促进作用;京津冀协同发展战略的实施有效提升了三地高技术制造业与生产性服务业耦合水平;创新源的创新成果储量较大且增长动力强劲,创新承接地的创新成果储量相对较小但增长势头显著。同时,京津冀产业链与创新链融合过程中也面临一些实际问题:京津冀城市群内高技术制造业与生产性服务业耦合协同成效的区际差异显著,河北各地级市两部门耦合均处于失调状态;产业链中以技术创新获得比较优势的“强点”部门占比偏低;小部分城市的产业链完整度呈下降趋势,导致原有产业链内部间的行业距离拉长;京津冀大部分城市的产业链中关键枢纽型节点缺失,不利于末端比较优势行业的发展;京津冀城市群内节点城市发育不足;高技术制造业与生产性服务业耦合过程中存在两部门高度分离现象;创新源与创新承接地的成果扩散环境差距显著,制约了技术成果输出效率的提升。基于此,本报告提出以下对策建议:以十大高精尖产业为试点,探索推行京津冀城市群重点产业链“链长”制;推动北京相关领域的技术成果向周边地区的比较优势行业部门扩散;进一步改善京津冀城市群内创新承接地(尤其是节点城市)的创新成果扩散环境;补齐产业链“主链”向“支链”延伸的关键枢纽型行业,巩固产业链演进基础;在京津冀城市群内培育打造3~5个产业链与创新链融合的关键节点城市。

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    Abstract

    This study analyze the current situation of the integration of the industrial chain and the innovation chain in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei. Combined with the formation and evolution law of the industrial chain,industrial chain from the urban agglomeration in the key nodes of space layout of the situation,sources of comparative advantage in key industries,evolution characteristics of industrial chain in urban agglomeration,the study found that In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,Cangzhou,Baoding and Xingtai have more core nodes in the manufacturing industry chain;the formation of comparative advantage industries in Tianjin,Tangshan,Zhangjiakou and Chengde is closely related to their location conditions;Cangzhou’s industrial policy plays an obvious role in promoting the development of the key nodes in its industrial chain. At the same time,the integration of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei industrial chain and the innovation chain also faces some problems:In the industrial chain of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,the proportion of “strong point” sectors that gain comparative advantage through technological innovation is low;the integrity of the industrial chain in a small number of cities shows a downward trend,which leads to the extension of the distance between industries within the original industrial chain;the lack of key hub nodes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei industry chain is not conducive to the development of downstream industries;the development of node cities in urban agglomeration is insufficient;In the process of the integration of high-tech manufacturing and producer services,there exists a high degree of separation between the two sectors. There is a significant gap between the diffusion environment of innovation source and innovation destination,which restricts the improvement of the output efficiency of technological achievements. Based on this,put forward countermeasures and suggestions:explore and implement the “chain length” system for the industry chain around the ten most advanced,sophisticated and sophisticated industries;promote the diffusion of Beijing’s technological achievements in related fields to the industries with comparative advantages in surrounding areas;further improve the environment for the diffusion of innovation achievements in innovation destinations within urban agglomerations;complementing the pivot industries extending from the “backbone chain” to the “branch chain” of the industrial chain,consolidating the evolution foundation of the industrial chain;within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,cultivate and build three to five key node cities integrating industrial chains and innovation chains.

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    作者简介
    叶堂林:叶堂林,首都经济贸易大学特大城市经济社会发展研究院执行副院长、教授、博士生导师,北京市经济社会发展政策研究基地执行主任,研究方向为区域经济、都市圈治理、京津冀协同发展。
    李国梁:李国梁,首都经济贸易大学城市经济与公共管理学院博士研究生,研究方向为区域经济学。
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