政治强人马哈蒂尔带领希望联盟终结了国民阵线长达61年的执政,让马来西亚实现了政党轮替。综观此次大选,马来人政党的竞争导致了马来人内部的分裂,政府长期的腐败导致了民众对政府的离心力,而马哈蒂尔的加盟则为反对党联盟带来了号召力和领导力,上述种种因素促成了希望联盟的胜利。大选过后,马来西亚的政治发展呈现新的趋势和特点,巫统执政的下台将会在一定程度上消除族群间的隔阂,但是社会的纵向分裂与横向分裂交织则会导致政治碎片化的加剧;两线制的初步形成,将会在一定程度上促进威权政治的松动;政党类型的发展变化也会对马来西亚政党政治和民主化的发展产生一定的影响。虽然马来西亚政治发展有向民主化迈进的趋势,但是其未来的发展仍然存在一定的隐忧,也将给未来的政治发展带来一定的不确定性。
<<Political powerman Mahathir led the Pakatan Harapan to win the national election and finally enabled Malaysia to achieve political party rotation at 9 May 2018. The direct reason for the victory of the Pakatan Harapan are that,the split of the Malays because of the competition of the Malay political parties,the centrifugal force of the people because of the long-term government corruption and the leadership of Mahathir for the opposition coalition. The political development after general election,the end of intimidation politics under UMNO will eliminate the gap between ethnic groups,however,the vertical division and the horizontal division of society will lead to the intensification of political fragmentation;The initial formation of the two-line system will promote the loosening of authoritarian politics to a certain extent;at the same time,the development of political party types will also have a certain impact on the development of political party and democratization in Malaysia. Although Malaysia’s political development has a tendency to move towards democratization,there are still some hidden concerns about its future development.
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