China’s digital economy continues to enjoy accelerated development in the new era，demonstrating new patterns for employment. The rising employment scale of the digital economy and the diversification of job categories have led to the gradual increase in the share of ICT employment and economic benefits it brings forward，along with new requirement for human capital skills. At present and in the short run，the human capital structure is still faced with challenges such as shortage of high-end talents，shortage of professional skilled talents and polarization of demand. For the time being，China’s basic skill level of the working population is still relatively low，which is lagging behind that of the developed economies. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period，China’s human capital improvement path and direction are mainly centered on improving the level of education and training，focusing on skill investigation and monitoring，and continuing to enhance the academic-corporate collaboration.