In 2020，with the effective prevention and control of COVID-19，China has rapidly restored its agricultural and rural economy and made progress in development，operating smoothly on the whole. With the remaining 5.51 million rural poor people being lifted out of poverty，the key task of poverty alleviation was fully completed. Investments in agriculture and rural areas have markedly increased，and rural production and living conditions have improved significantly. The primary industry grew steadily，the international trade deficit of agricultural products expanded significantly，and the supply of main agricultural products increased generally. However，affected by food consumption upgrade，the prices of agricultural products and food increased significantly，and there were obvious differences in market operation of different agricultural products. Domestic grain production has increased，imports have expanded on a large scale，and grain prices remained stable. With the accelerated recovery of pig production capacity，the total supply of pork increased，and the rise of pig producer prices fell. With the rapid increase of farmers’ income，the absolute and relative income gaps between urban and rural residents narrowed，and farmers’ food consumption expenditure increased largely. In 2021，investments in agriculture and rural areas are expected to maintain rapid growth. China will continue to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation，and the level of food security will reach a new level. The income gap between urban and rural residents is expected to narrow further in the future. It is predicted that in 2021，the total grain output will reach 680 million tons，the pork output will reach 50 million tons，and farmers’ per capita disposable income will possibly reach 19000 Yuan.