The quantity and quality of oncology hospital can not satisfy the needs of patients，there are still a large number of oncology patients can not get professional，systematic and effective treatment. In order to promote the construction and development of domestic oncology hospital effectively，this paper analyzes the medical status of Chinese oncology hospital from the aspects of comprehensive situation，geographical distribution，competitive factors and so on. The results show that most of the top 50 hospitals are three-level and three-level hospitals，indicating that the country has begun to support and promote the development of the scale and strength of the specialized tumor hospitals；from the professional point of view，the competitiveness of the specialized tumor hospitals is stronger than that of the large specialized small comprehensive hospital known as the tumor hospitals；from the scale and competitiveness，the head effect of the specialized tumor hospitals is more obvious，forming the Matthew effect of the development of the cancer hospitals. This is not conducive to hierarchical diagnosis and treatment and market competition. In general，the development of domestic oncology hospital can not effectively solve the needs of patients，the development of domestic oncology hospital is still urgent and necessary.