The maximization of children’s rights and interests is the basic concept of judicial protection of children’s rights and interests. Special and preferential protection are the basic requirements of the judicial protection of children’s rights and interests. In recent years，the judicial protection of children’s rights and interests in China has been continuously improved，and a juvenile trial and prosecution system has been gradually formed，with prominent characteristics of professional，social and systematic judicial protection. China’s criminal justice for children implements two-way protection，which protects the child victims，child suspects and defendants. The civil judicial protection of children’s rights and interests attaches importance to guardianship，personality rights and other protection，and strengthens the protection of children’s rights and interests in the reform of family affairs trial mechanism. The administrative and judicial protection of children’s rights and interests develops steadily.