以2014年《中华人民共和国预算法》修正案与《关于加强地方政府性债务管理的意见》的出台为标志,我国地方债市场进入规范发展期,管理制度日益完善。2020年在新冠肺炎疫情冲击、经济下行压力加大的背景下,我国地方债管理制度进一步创新。在发行情况方面,地方债务新增限额合理扩大、发行节奏更趋灵活,且政策鼓励发行长期专项债以匹配重点项目期限;在资金使用方面,专项债投向扩充至“两新一重”领域,用作项目资本金的额度明显增加,并首次允许用于补充中小银行资本金。与此同时,地方债在信息披露、资金管理、信用评级等方面的配套管理细则持续完善,助力地方债市场向高质量发展。
<<Marked by the issuance of newly revised “Budget Law” in 2014 and the “Opinions of the State Council on Strengthening the Management of Local Government Debt”,the degree of standardization of China’s local government bond market has been gradually improved,while the management system becomes more comprehensive. Especially under the background of Covid-19 pandemic and increasing downward pressure of domestic economy,the local government bonds management system made further innovation in 2020. In the aspect of issuance,the tariff of local government bonds is decided more scientifically. The issuing rhythm was more flexible. The bond duration was encouraged to be longer to match the project duration. In the aspect of funds usage,the range of special bonds was wider,which included more important areas. Also,the special bonds have been used as capital in more projects. Furthermore,the special bonds’ new function of capital replenishment for small and medium-sized banks was also a breakthrough in policy. In the aspect of information disclosure,fund management and credit rating,these policies were improved to promote the quality of local government bonds management.
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