Based on the panel data of 30 provinces across the country from 2003 to 2017，this report uses seemingly uncorrelated regression，partial least square regression and entropy weight method to measure technological progress bias，relative factor allocation distortion and industrial high-quality development，and uses FGLS regression to test empirically. The influence of technological progress bias on the quality of industrial development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the adjustment effect of the relative configuration distortion of factors in this process. The results show that endogenous technological progress accelerates the replacement of labor-intensive industries to capital-intensive industries and technology-intensive industries by reducing the ratio of non-R&D labor allocation，and promotes the improvement of the quality of industrial development. This effect is more prominent in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Spillover technological progress and exogenous technological progress have produced a “double-edged sword” effect on the quality of industrial development by reducing the allocation ratio of capital：increasing R&D labor input with efficiency advantages eases the loss of opportunity efficiency，but it will also be due to capital relative The overallocation of non-R&D labor has aggravated the degradation of capital-intensive industries into labor-intensive industries，and has fallen into a low-end lock-in trap caused by dependence on external technologies，hindering the improvement of the quality of industrial development. This effect is more prominent in the upper and middle reaches. To promote the high-quality industrial development of the Yangtze River Economic Zone，it is necessary to formulate appropriate technological advancement strategies based on local conditions，accelerate the elimination of low-end industrial production capacity，optimize the efficiency of capital allocation，and improve industrial green technological innovation capabilities and green technological benefits.