This paper systematically had analyzed the policy measures and achievements of Jiangsu Province in cultivating and strengthening innovation subjects and study and judged the problems existing in cultivating and strengthening innovation subjects in Jiangsu Province and clarified the key areas and main directions of cultivating and strengthening innovation subjects in Jiangsu Province during the “The 14th Five-Year Plan” period. This paper had shown under the condition of multiple policy supports and encouragements，Jiangsu innovation subjects had made remarkable progress in the number of institutions，the quality of R&D personnel，and the quality and efficiency of innovation carriers. However，there were still some shortcomings in the “Industry University Research” integration，High quality institutions and Talents Gathering，innovation incentive mechanisms and investment and financing systems. In the future，Jiangsu should focus on deepening the reform and innovation of systems and mechanisms in the aspects of subjects’ cultivation，professional talents，innovation platform and innovation mechanism，as well as，enhancing the effectiveness of cultivating and strengthening innovation subjects so as to play the roles of innovation subjects in Jiangsu’s economic development.