Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County is located in the eastern Qilian Mountains. Tianzhu Three Gorges National Forest Park is part of Qilian Mountains National Park，which is an important area of ecological security barrier in the west of China. Taking Tianzhu County as an example，and using social research and model simulation，we analyzed the “the Ecological Relocation and Capital Compensation Program of Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve”（hereafter referred to as the ERCCP scheme）. We established the ERCCP influence framework on the benefits of different stakeholders using the InVEST model，Probit measurement model and cost-benefit method，to analyze the comprehensive cost-effectiveness of Land Use/Land Cover（LULC）and different stakeholders in Tianzhu County，and provide feasible suggestions according to the research results.

ERCCP had a significant impact on LULC in the study area，and the value of grassland ecosystem services will be further improved in the next 10 years. For households participating in ecological relocation，livelihoods will be affected to a certain extent in the short-term，but ecological compensation will greatly shorten the negative benefit（from 6 to 3 years）. For the Tianzhu County Government，the investment recovery period is expected to be extended by 7-8 years after the end of the plan. After 2022，for other beneficiaries in the region，the value of ecosystem services will increase by approximately 55 million yuan annually. Generally，we found that ERCCP had a dual impact on ecosystem services and regional well-being. Short term negative impacts must be actively incorporated into the government’s future ecological decision-making，which will improve regional ecological stability and people’s livelihood/well-being.