美国的数字经济是美国经济增长的最大动力,长期而言其增速始终保持在美国经济整体增速的3倍以上。美国的数字经济依然在全球独占鳌头,在多个领域居于世界领先地位。美国公司不仅在数字经济的整体规模上独占鳌头,而且拥有非常齐全的数字经济门类,并在几乎所有的数字经济细分行业中占据全球领先地位。美国数字经济呈现强者恒强和赢者通吃的态势。美国数字经济龙头企业的收入增速是美国整体经济增速的7倍多,是整体数字经济增速的约2倍。在电子商务和云领域,亚马逊一家独大;在网络搜索领域,谷歌占据了90%以上的市场份额;在智能终端领域,苹果一家独大。诸如此类,不胜枚举。这也是数字经济的一个基本特征,由于边际成本趋近于零,边际收益随网络效应递增。领先者会逐步形成巨大的竞争壁垒,进而鲸吞所有市场。美国虽然在数字经济领域一马当先,在大多数领域居于全球领导地位,但是中国数字经济的迅猛发展依然使得美国备感压力,特别是诸如华为、腾讯、阿里巴巴和抖音等互联网巨头已经对美国的数字经济领导地位构成了实质性威胁。在这种情况下,美国一方面利用行政力量打压和限制中国企业的发展;另一方面也在不断制定产业政策,以举国之力与中国抗衡。
<<The digital economy is the biggest driving force of theeconomic growth of the United States. In the long run,the growth rate has always been more than three times of the overall growth rate of the United States economy. The digital economy of the United States is still the world’s leader in many fields. The U.S. companies are not only the leader in the overall scale of the digital economy,but also have a very complete range of digital economy categories,and occupy the global leading position in almost all digital economy segmentation industries. The U.S. digital economy is showing a trend that the strong are always strong and the winners take all. The income growth rate of the leading enterprises in the digital economy of the United States is more than seven times that of the overall economy of the United States,and more than twice that of the overall digital economy. In the field of e-commerce and cloud,Amazon is the largest;in the field of Internet search,Google occupies more than 90% of the market share;in the field of intelligent terminals,apple is the only one. And so on. This is also a basic feature of digital economy. As marginal cost approaches zero,marginal revenue increases with network effect. The leader will gradually form a huge competitive barrier,which will swallow up all the markets. Although China is leading the world in digital economy and occupies the leading position in most fields,the rapid development of China’s digital economy still makes the United States sleep hard. Especially the Internet giants such as HUAWEI,Tencent,Alibaba and Tiktok have posed a substantial threat to the leadership of the digital economy in the United States. In this case,the United States,on the one hand,uses administrative power to suppress and restrict the development of Chinese enterprises,on the other hand,it is constantly formulating industrial policies to compete with China with the strength of the whole country.
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