To reveal the profound changes occurred in China’s process of “Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Aspects”，it is firstly should be measured by the progress of people’s livelihood. The study on the livelihood demand mainly lies in the consumption demand of residents in their daily lives，in which includes the developments of the people’s needs for a better life. From 2000 to 2018，the per capita value of all types of the residents’ consumption demand data in national urban and rural comprehensive calculation evidently continued to increase. The residents’ total consumption in 2018 was 7.15 times that of 2000，the material consumption was 6.53 times and the immaterial consumption was 8.64 times. The proportion of the residents’ material consumption remarkably fell over 6.12 percentage points and the proportion of the residents’ immaterial consumption remarkably rose over 6.12 percentage points，showing a remarkable upgrading change of the consumption structure. The regional disparity of the residents’ total consumption，material consumption and immaterial consumption roundly continued to be reduced；and the urban and rural ratio of the residents’ total consumption，material consumption and immaterial consumption roundly continued to be reduced. The unbalanced development has improved in the field of the people’s livelihood. But the residents’ consumption rate evidently fell from 35.91% to 31.53%，it rose evidently since the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. In particular，the average annual growth of the residents’ consumption expenditure was evidently 3.59 percentage points lower than the annual growth of fiscal expenditure. The residents’ amassment rate significantly continued to rise from 22.57% to 30.10%，which in return aggravate the inhibition of consumption demand. Based on the dynamic prediction test of calendar year，the countrywide the urban and rural ratio of the residents’ total consumption will certainly be reduced，and its regional disparity will certainly be reduced to 2020；the urban and rural ratio of the residents’ total consumption will continue to evidently be reduced，and its regional disparity will continue to certainly be reduced to 2035.