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通过对北京市16个地区361名常住老年居民的调查发现，北京市常住老年居民抑郁的发生率为40。3%。老年居民的婚姻状况会显著影响其抑郁水平，离婚老年个体比已婚个体更容易抑郁。老年个体的孤独感和抑郁有密切联系，主观感知到孤独感越高的老年个体，其抑郁更严重。缺乏良好社会支持的老年个体抑郁明显高于有高社会支持的个体。子女数量也会影响老年个体的抑郁，但并不是子女数越多，老年个体的抑郁得分就越低，影响重点还是在于子女对老年父母的孝敬和感情支持程度。自尊在一定程度上也会影响老年个体产生抑郁的概率，自尊水平越高，其产生抑郁的风险越小。以上结果提示我们，在老龄化社会，老年群体的抑郁需要加以重点关注和干预。
<<The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics and related factors of depression among the aged in Beijing. Totally 361 elderly people were accessed with Depression in Old Age Scale （DIA-S20），Loneliness Scale，University of California at Los Angeles （UCLA），Self-esteem Scale （SES），Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS），and Self-rated Health Measurement Scale （SRHMS）. The results are as follows：（1）the rate of depression in this sample was 40.3%；（2）the statistically significant differences showed in different marital status and number of children；（3）loneliness，social support and self-esteem significantly impacted on depression level. These findings highlight the mental health of the elderly since our country has stepped into the ageing of population stage. It is urgent to help old individuals living with depression state.
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