This study investigated the basic characteristics of social anxiety and its relationship with ecological environment satisfaction，social security，community belonging and national identity through a questionnaire survey of 2396 Beijing residents. The social anxiety of Beijing residents is in the middle level. Demographic characteristics （gender，age，region，marital status，education level，current working status，occupation，monthly income，belief，political outlook，family location，household registration，subjective economic status，number of children） have statistical significance on social anxiety of residents. Social anxiety decreases with the increase of environmental satisfaction；social anxiety increases with the increase of community belonging and national identity. Social anxiety was negatively correlated with environmental satisfaction，positively correlated with community belonging and national identity，but not with social security.