This report analyzes the background，policy design and progress of the health poverty alleviation campaign from 2015 to 2020，focusing on the problems of “difficult to see a doctor” and “expensive medical treatment” in poor areas before 2015，as well as the work carried out by various departments in the medical and health service. This report also objectively summarizes the improvement due to the Health Poverty Alleviation Campaign. Positive results have been achieved in the allocation of medical and health service resources，alleviating the problems of “poverty caused by illness” and “returning to poverty due to illness”. Guided by the strategy of Rural Revitalization and the integration of urban and rural areas，the report predicts the major challenges in the post poverty alleviation era，and puts forward short-term and long-term suggestion for healthy poverty alleviation.