In order to better grasp the laws of population spatial evolution in the development of urban agglomerations，this paper takes 15 major urban agglomerations in my country as the research object，and uses methods such as population center of gravity model，spatial autocorrelation，and Theil index decomposition to determine the spatial balance of population Concentration was analyzed. The study found that：around 1982，the population center of China shifted from “moving northeast” to “moving southwest”；high-density urban agglomerations began to approach the Hu Huanyong line westward，but the spatial balance of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was relatively stable；The population spatial evolution of urban agglomerations is different from that of the whole country. It has mainly experienced three stages of “increase-decline-readjustment”；China’s urban agglomerations are gradually moving from development to maturity，and the internal population distribution differences are gradually shrinking. The population continues to be concentrated in the urban agglomeration，and during this period it has also undergone many spatial adjustments.