北欧国家属于极少数没有宪法法院的欧洲国家,但是它们却有着宪法审查的传统。这些国家主要是通过普通法院对立法的审查机制来保障合宪性的。至于如何组织宪法审查,不同国家有着不同的宪法安排。本文讨论了挪威、瑞典和芬兰三个国家的模式。尽管如此,所有北欧国家都具有宪制和法治精神,以及对宪法规则和法律规则等级制度的普遍尊重。这一精神体现在尊重立法者意愿、符合三权分立和共识型民主意识形态的议会制度之中。
<<The Nordic Countries belong to the very few in Europe not having a constitutional court. However,a tradition of constitutional review exists. Constitutionality is safeguarded first and foremost by mechanisms for review by the ordinary courts of the constitutionality of legislation. There are different constitutional arrangements as to how constitutional review is organised. In the following,the Norwegian,Swedish and Finnish models are discussed. Nevertheless,all Nordic countries share a spirit of constitutionalism and rule of law with general respect for the rules of the constitution and for the hierarchy of legal rules. This spirit is reflective of a parliamentary system with respect for the will of the legislator—in line with the ideology of separation of powers and consensual democracy.
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