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    2020年关于性别与气候变化研究

    摘要

    性别平等是社会文明进步的标尺,是人类实现可持续发展的重要目标,在应对气候变化领域实现性别平等更具有现实意义。女性在面对气候变化时相对男性具有更高的脆弱性,同时女性在应对气候变化领域也能够发挥重要作用。本文综述了《联合国气候变化框架公约》下性别与气候变化议程的进展,评估了气候行动中性别平等的差距与不足。我国在气候行动的性别平等方面的问题,主要体现在男女平等的性别意识尚未在我国完全普及,重男轻女传统观念仍是影响女性地位和权利保护的重要因素,城乡、区域间经济社会发展水平不均衡导致我国中西部贫困地区女性在获取气候行动资源、信息服务等方面受到一定程度的制约,女性参与气候行动决策和管理的比例仍需进一步提高。为此,建议推动性别与气候变化领域相关政策、法规的制定;进一步提高女性参与应对气候变化和防灾减灾领域决策和管理的比例;加强对提高女性参与气候行动程度的相关培训和能力建设。

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    Abstract

    Gender equality is the yardstick of social civilization and progress,and it is an important goal to achieve sustainable development. It is more realistic to achieve gender equality in the field of climate change. Women are more vulnerable than men to the effect of climate change and women can also play an important role in climate change mitigation and adaptation. In this paper,we summarizes the progress of gender and climate change agenda under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,evaluates the gap and deficiency of gender equality in climate action,and puts forward policy recommendations to promote gender balance in climate action based on the analysis of the progress in the field of gender equality in climate action of China.The issue of gender equality in climate action in China is mainly reflected in the fact that gender awareness of gender equality has not been fully popularized in China. The traditional concept of male preference is still an important factor affecting the protection of women’s status and rights. The imbalance of economic and social development between urban and rural areas and between regions has led to some restrictions on women’s access to climate action resources and information services in the poor areas of China’s central and western regions,and the proportion of women’ participation in climate action decision-making and management still need to be further improved. To this end,it is suggested to promote the formulation of policies and regulations related to gender and climate change;to further enhance the proportion of women’s participation in decision-making and management in response to climate change and disaster prevention and reduction;and to strengthen relevant training and capacity-building for enhancing women’s participation in climate action.

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    作者简介
    黄磊:黄磊,博士,国家气候中心研究员,主要从事气候变化相关科学与政策研究。
    张永香:张永香,博士,国家气候中心副研究员,主要从事历史气候、气候变化影响和政策研究。
    巢清尘:巢清尘,博士,国家气候中心副主任,研究员,主要从事气候变化诊断分析及政策研究。
    陈超:陈超,中国气象局科技与气候变化司气候变化处主任科员。
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