Based on the above theoretical and empirical analysis, and combined with the actual situation of China's economy and society at this stage, the book believes that in the new normal period of medium and high-speed growth under the overall downward pressure of economic development, China should take promoting the rationalization of income distribution as the starting point, learn from the successful experience of developed regions at home and abroad, and take the supply side structural reform as the main line Employment marketization, market legalization, and government service are the control ideas. Around the composition system of effective regulation and control mechanism, a series of targeted policies and measures are formulated and implemented according to the background of entering the new era, comprehensively deepen the reform and make use of various institutional, economic, social, policy and legal factors that affect the optimization of urban and rural employment structure Remove the relevant obstacles, so that the evolution of urban and rural employment structure and urban-rural income distribution from the actual existence of the reverse equilibrium to the positive balance, and realize the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development and high-quality development of China's economy and society.