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本报告首先对全球新能源汽车产业竞争态势进行了归纳梳理，在此基础上，分析了中国新能源汽车产业的竞争优势、面临的挑战、未来的发展，并提出了政策建议。第一，“十三五”期间，全球新能源汽车产业的规模不断扩大，替代效应在个别国家十分显著，主要技术路线为BEV、PHEV和FCEV，新能源汽车应用更加多样化，基础设施不断改善。第二，“十三五”期间，中国新能源汽车产业竞争优势，体现在市场规模、整车生产制造能力、产业配套能力、政策和基础设施建设，新能源产业发展的多项指标领先全球。第三，展望“十四五”，更加多样化的政策、更加开放的竞争机制、更多主流车企的进入将推动中国新能源汽车产业向高质量发展。然而，也要清醒地认识到“十四五”期间，中国新能源汽车产业的发展将面临经济衰退、新能源汽车购买补贴政策退坡、市场将更加开放、竞争日益激烈的挑战，一些核心技术还受制于人、尚未突破，国内新能源汽车企业的国际化市场竞争能力还不强。为此，短期针对新冠肺炎疫情对新能源汽车产业的影响，提供有效的支持政策；长期要加强国际合作，共同做大新能源汽车产业的“蛋糕”；还要通过创新不断降低新能源汽车产业链的成本。
<<This chapter summarizes the competitive situation of the global new energy vehicles（NEVs）industry，and analyzes the competitive advantages，challenges，and future development of NEVs industry in China. First，during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period，the market size of global NEVs continues to expand，and the substitution effect is very significant in individual countries. The main technical routes of NEVs are battery electric vehicles（BEVs），plug-in hybrid electric vehicles（PHEVs）and the fuel cell vehicles（FCEVs）. NEVs applications are more diversified，and infrastructure is constantly improving. Second，during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period，the competitive advantages of China’s new energy vehicle industry are reflected in the market scale，vehicle manufacturing capacity，industrial supporting capabilities，policies and infrastructure construction. Many indicators of the development of the new energy industry are leading the world. Third，looking forward to the future，more diversified policies，a more open competitive mechanism，and the entry of more mainstream car companies will promote NEVs industry in China to high-quality development.
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