As the international community pays more attention to the North Sea Route and the Northwest Passage，the disputes concerning the interpretation or application of passage regime and article 234 of the UNCLOS become much more prominent. There are different opinions on the interpretation and application of the those clauses，which is an important cause of the disputes. Although the focus of the problems are on legal issues，the reality of international politics is far more complicated than the law itself. The rational use of the Convention and the establishment of the bottom line of thinking about the Arctic passage disputes，and then to make flexible adjustments on this basis，should be China’s overall policy for formulating relevant policies. China may claim that the Northern Sea Route and the Northwest Passage are international straits and interpret Article 234 of the Convention from the perspective of protecting the rights and interests of navigation. At the same time，China also needs to make appropriate policy adjustments based on the international situation without breaking through the bottom line.