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    2019~2020年欧盟国际采购工具及对华潜在影响

    摘要

    2019年3月12日,欧盟委员会在《中欧战略展望》中提出应在2019年底之前通过国际采购工具条例,目前讨论的条例草案于2016年经欧盟委员会修改后重新提出,其为欧盟委员会提供了对于来自与欧盟在政府采购市场准入方面缺乏互惠的第三国的限制性措施。经修改的草案主要由事前调查评估与协商机制以及价格调整措施两部分构成。该条例明显指向中国的政府采购市场,其实施必将对来自中国的投标进入欧盟公共采购市场产生不利影响。欧盟此举意在为有关中国加入《政府采购协定》的谈判提供杠杆,加速中国谈判进程并推动进一步扩大出价范围,尤其是将国有企业纳入出价清单。为此,目前中国应当加快《政府采购协定》的谈判进程,在多边框架内寻求与欧盟的互惠;完善国内政府采购法律体系,规范国有企业的采购活动。另外,民营企业应加强发声,积极应对并维护自身权利。

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    Abstract

    On March 12,2019,the European Commission proposed that the regulations of International Procurement Instrument (IPI) should be adopted by the end of 2019 in the “China-Europe Strategic Outlook”. The current draft under discussion,which was re-submitted by the Commission in 2016,provided the Commission with restrictive measures for the economic operators,goods and services from the third country which is a lack of reciprocity with the EU in terms of market access for public procurement. The revised draft mainly consists of two parts:mechanism for prior investigation,assessment and consultation;and the price adjustment measures. This regulation clearly targets China’s public procurement market,and the implementation of the instrument will definitely generate unfavorable impact on Chinese bids of entering the EU public procurement market. This regulation provides the EU with the leverage for negotiations on China’s accession to the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA),and accelerates the process of China’s negotiations and further expands the scope of offer,especially including the state-owned enterprises in the offer. Therefore,the following suggestions are proposed:firstly,step up the negotiation on the GPA and seek reciprocity with the EU within the multilateral framework;secondly,improve domestic government procurement legal system and regulating the procurement activities of state-owned enterprises;thirdly,strengthen the voice of private enterprises,and encourage them to safeguard their rights.

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    作者简介
    叶斌:叶斌,中国社会科学院欧洲研究所欧盟法研究室主任,副研究员,国际法学博士,主要从事欧盟法研究。
    张琨:张琨,中国社会科学院大学欧洲研究系2018年硕士研究生,主要从事欧盟法研究。
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