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    2019~2020年英国脱欧:未竟的旅程

    摘要

    脱欧依然是2019年英国最重要的政治议题,由于英国内部不同政党以及政党内部不同派别之间的理念或利益分歧,英国与欧盟达成的脱欧协议被多次否决,脱欧日期一延再延。为打破僵局,英国被迫于2019年12月12日举行近百年来的首次冬季大选。保守党在此次大选中获得绝对优势,英国政党政治向传统两党制回归的同时进一步右转。2020年1月31日,英国在法律意义上正式退出欧盟。但这并非脱欧进程的结束,英国还将与欧盟就双方的未来关系展开艰苦谈判,出于多方面原因,谈判结果如何仍未可知。但无论双方未来达成何种结果,英国脱欧对欧盟而言都将是重大损失。对英国而言,脱欧也使其经济前景面临不确定性。

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    Abstract

    Brexit dominated the political agenda of the UK in 2019. Due to the deep-going divergences on ideas and/or interests between the different parties in the UK and within both the Conservative Party and the Labor Party,the deal reached between the UK and the EU had been vetoed,leading to the delays of the date of the UK’s withdrawal from the EU. In order to make breakthroughs from the impasse,an early election was held in December 12 2019,which is the first general election held in winter since 1923. The Conservatives won their biggest majority since the 1980s,signaling the further right turn of the UK’s party politics as well as a return to the traditional bipartisan system. The UK de jure left the EU on January 31 2020. However,it is not the end of the Brexit process. The UK and EU will launch a series negotiations on their future relations with the free trade agreement at the center. Due to a set of complicated reasons,there exists a number of uncertainties as to the final outcome of the negotiations. No matter what kind of agreements that the two sides can conclude,Brexit will be a significant loss to the EU. While at the same time,Brexit will bring unknown impacts to the UK’s economy.

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    作者简介
    李靖堃:李靖堃,法学博士,中国社会科学院欧洲研究所研究员,欧洲政治研究室主任,主要研究领域为欧盟政治、英国政治。
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