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    2019年中国非物质文化遗产文创产品开发的立法和政策研究

    摘要

    非物质文化遗产的文创产品开发是传承、发展中国优秀传统文化的重要途径,也是文化产业与旅游产业等产业融合发展的重要规律。当前,我国非物质文化遗产文创产品开发过程中还存在著作权、商标权、专利权等方面的法律争议,亟须我们从法理上予以深度剖析。除《非物质文化遗产法》以外,我国各省级人大、省级人民政府还颁布了地方性法规或地方政府规章。除国务院办公厅颁发的《关于加强我国非物质文化遗产保护工作的意见》与国务院颁布的《国务院关于加强文化遗产保护工作的通知》以外,各部委颁布了涉及非遗文创的政策性文件十余个,说明非遗文创已引起各级人大与各级政府的高度关注。但是,在现有非遗立法及知识产权立法的框架之下,政策作用的空间依然有限,非遗文创的相关立法亟待完善。非遗传承人、文创企业需要依据法律法规与政策,根据自身的优势制定非遗文创知识产权保护和运营的战略目标、领导机制和激励机制。

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    Abstract

    It is understood to all that the development of cultural and creative products of intangible cultural heritage is an important way to inherit and develop Chinese excellent traditional culture,as well as an important rule for the integrated development of cultural and tourism industry. At present,there still remain some legal disputes such as copyright,trademark right and patent right disputes in the development process of cultural and creative products of intangible cultural heritage in China. It is urgent for us to make an in-depth analysis from the perspective of jurisprudence. In addition to the Intangible Cultural Heritage Law of the People’s Republic of China,twenty-seven local laws and regulations have been promulgated in Chinas provincial-level people’s congresses and people’s governments. In addition to the Notice on Strengthening the Safeguarding of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Notice on Strengthening the Safeguarding of China’s Cultural Heritage issued by the State Council,various ministries and commissions have issued more than a dozen policy documents concerning intangible cultural heritage creation,indicating that intangible cultural heritage creation has aroused great attention from people’s congresses and governments at all levels. However,under the framework of the existing legislation on intangible cultural heritage and intellectual property,there is still room for policy adjustment,and the relevant legislation on intangible cultural heritage creation needs to be improved urgently. Based on their own advvantages,the sucessors of intangible cultural heritage and cultural innovation enterprises need to formulate strategic objectives,leadership mechanism and incentive mechanism for the protection and operation of intellectual property rights according to laws,regulations and policies.

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    作者简介
    周刚志:周刚志,法学博士,中南大学法学院教授,中国文化法研究中心执行主任,研究方向为文化法、宪法与行政法。
    王振宇:王振宇,中南大学法学院硕士研究生。
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