Guizhou is one of the most important provinces in China to accomplish the task of poverty alleviation，especially the Buyi and Miao Autonomous prefecture of Southwest Guizhou province. Facing the arduous tasks of poverty alleviation，this area has integrated cultural work into the overall situation of poverty alleviation，thus bringing about fruitful results in “culture + poverty alleviation”. With the methods of documentation，combination of qualitative and quantitative and fieldwork，this paper deeply analyses the current situation and basic measures of cultural poverty alleviation of this area，and summarizes the valuable experiences of cultural poverty alleviation in recent years，then points out there are still some problems in the cultural poverty alleviation in southwestern Guizhou，such as combining support for ambition and wisdom need to be strengthened，partial dislocation between supply and demand，inadequate participation of social forces，imperfect evaluation mechanism，and the low poverty alleviation accuracy under the background of striving to achieve “rural revitalization”. At last，the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward，like promoting the administrative ability of poverty alleviation，speeding up the supply-side reform of public cultural services，promoting the development of traditional craft industry with intangible cultural heritage，accelerating the process of socialization of public cultural services，strengthen the construction of qualified people，and building a scientific and rational evaluation mechanism.