The concept of risk topographic map is put forward，and the plant maintenance strategy is proposed to ensure the operation reliability of urban rail transit by establishing barriers to prevent risks and each barrier means a maintenance strategy. Through data acquisition，the data source matrix is established to obtain the event probability matrix，and then the event consequence matrix is made to generate the event risk matrix，and finally the barrier matrix is designed. The implementation of the barrier matrix will become the basis of the safe，stable and high-quality operation of urban rail transit. The barrier management based on risk topographic map will provide conditions for the maintenance of urban rail transit equipment and the improvement of the skills of auxiliary managers.