In recent years，the rise and development of the blockchain have experienced several ups and downs at home and abroad，from financial applications to food safety to various application scenarios of the Internet of Things logistics，which make the blockchain be more attractive to many scientific and technological scholars，entrepreneurial talents and venture capital funds. After a period of unprecedented development，the blockchain technology has been hailed as a disruptive innovation，but at the same time it has been relegated to a scam of cutting leek. Regardless of success or failure，the distribution，transparency，traceability and openness of the blockchain technology，especially its immutability，are recognized by various institutions and organizations. If the blockchain technology is used correctly，it can achieve unexpected effects in many application scenarios，which makes it a magical tool for building a digital economy.

The blockchain technology has gone through many stages since its birth. The main task of blockchain 1.0 is to jointly maintain a large ledger to ensure the consistency of the ledger；the individuals participating in it are all in the same position and are all decision makers. At this time，the governance of the blockchain focuses on the formulation of decision rules，that is，the formulation of various consensus mechanisms such as Proof of Work and Proof of Stake. With the introduction of smart contracts，side chains，permissioned chains and the participants in the blockchain system have gradually been separated by their functional levels，and different roles such as investors，entrepreneurial teams，and miners. At the same time，on-chain applications and cross-chain transactions also bring conflicts of interest for various users. In this context，the blockchain urgently needs a new set of governance mechanisms to resolve current issues，involving conflicts of interests among multiple parties on the chain，off-chain，and across chains，so as to efficiently realize the authenticity of the data on the chain.

This work mainly reviews a series of innovations of the governance theory applied in the blockchain，in the context of the rapid development of blockchain technology. Through analyzing the new development of the blockchain technology in China and the innovation of governance mechanism，we focuses on the basic direction and the growth path of blockchain governance theory research. In addition，the blockchain technology provides a feasible technical framework for the governance plan in economic management. From this perspective，we will follow the governance plan during the development process of blockchain technology based on the management automation design，propose various ideas and analyze its pros and cons.