“Residents’ participation” is an important part of building a multi-agent collaborative governance system，and a key fulcrum of innovating grass-roots governance and stimulating social vitality. A survey of 85 residents with self-organization membership in Wenjiang District of Chengdu City shows that promoting the construction of community self-organization is the cornerstone of promoting residents’ participation in community governance. Speeding up the development of community self-organization is of great significance to further enhance the enthusiasm of community residents’ independent participation，broaden the way of community residents’ independent participation，and create an atmosphere of residents’ participation. At present，the main problems of residents’ participation in community governance are uneven participants，low level，and poor communication between the government and residents. It is an effective way to strengthen community cohesion，build community and promote community autonomy to establish residents’ sense of ownership，optimize the main structure of participation，establish and improve residents’ participation mechanism，introduce professional talents and cultivate high-quality community social organizations.