In 2020，most of China’s provinces will be in the “post-poverty era”. The main contradictions of poverty will also change，from absolute poverty to relative poverty. The identification and management of relative poverty has become the focus of China’s subsequent poverty reduction. Unlike absolute poverty，relative poverty is more concerned about the unfair distribution of wealth，rights，and abilities among social groups. It is mainly reflected in social and public services such as education，medical care，and housing. Characteristics of relative poverty is multidimensional，fluid and long-term. In the identification of relative poverty，it is generally related to the proportion of the average social income. In China，40% of the median income of residents can be used as the relative poverty line，and it can be adjusted dynamically with economic development. In the arrangement of the “post-poverty era” in Shanxi，it is necessary to identify the relatively poor population effectively and accurately. Proceeding from the public services and promoting the continued increase of income of the poor，generating the endogenous power in poor，reducing the gap between urban and rural，and achieving service equalization of urban and rural. Finally，gradually establish and improve a long-term mechanism to alleviate relative poverty