北京市人口老龄化程度持续加深,养老机构服务基础设施建设步伐加快,但与“一床难求”形成鲜明对比的是,养老机构运营举步维艰。本文基于对北京市通州区(城市副中心)养老机构基本情况的分析发现,机构入住率普遍偏低,养老床位大量空置;老年人有入住需求但意愿不高,同时也不具备支付能力;提供服务的护理人员群体呈现收入低、专业性低等特征。文章建议,应注重从老人的实际需求角度制定养老政策;调整养老服务供给“指挥棒”;尽力避免“有行无市”;有层次有步骤推进养老服务体系高质量发展,加快为老服务护理人员队伍的职业化建设,最终实现养老服务的有效供给。
<<The degree of population aging in Beijing is deepening,and the pace of service infrastructure construction of pension agencies accelerates,but in sharp contrast to “one bed is hard to find”,the operation of pension agencies is difficult. Based on the analysis of the basic situation of the pension agencies in Tongzhou District,Beijing,this paper finds that the occupancy rate of the pension agencies is generally low,and a large number of pension beds are vacant;the elderly have the demand for occupancy,but the willingness is not high,and they do not have the ability to pay;the group of nursing staff who provide services presents the characteristics of low income and low professionalism. The paper suggests that we should pay attention to making pension policy from the perspective of the actual needs of the elderly,adjust the “baton” of pension service supply,try to avoid “have quotations,but no transactions”,promote the high-quality development of pension service system step by step,accelerate the professional construction of nursing staff for the elderly,and finally realize the effective supply of pension services.
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