Based on the traffic road data in different levels in Beijing，from the perspective of township scale，this paper systematically analyzes the traffic network foundation，traffic proximity level，traffic accessibility and traffic advantage of 314 towns in Beijing. The results show that：（1）there are significant spatial differences in the traffic conditions of the towns in Beijing，with obvious ring structure and agglomeration characteristics. The areas with high traffic advantage are mainly concentrated in the central urban area，while the traffic advantage of the towns in the northern and southwestern suburbs is relatively low；（2）there are significant positive correlations between the population density and the traffic network foundation，proximity，accessibility and advantage. The correlation coefficients are 0.712，0.435，0.592 and 0.669，respectively，reaching the extremely significant level of 0.01；（3）the quantitative identification analysis shows that the areas with weak traffic conditions in Beijing are mainly distributed in the remote mountainous areas in the northern suburbs，and also in the western mountainous areas in the southwest two regions. This paper holds that transportation advantages should be taken as an important starting point to guide the layout of urban population and industry. Weak traffic areas should be taken as the key areas of Beijing’s transportation infrastructure construction in the new era. The overall layout of transportation infrastructure should be further comprehensively considered. Refined and intelligent traffic service and management should be further promoted.