The General Office of the State Council released the Scheme for Rolling Out the Extended Producer Responsibility System on December 25，2016，taking the implementation of this system as a requirement for accelerating the building of Ecological Civilization and green/circular/low-carbon development，and emphasizing its significance for promoting the supply-side structural reform and upgrading of China’s manufacturing. The idea that producers’ resources-and environment-relevant responsibility for their products should be extended from production itself to the full life cycle including product design，distribution，consumption，recycling/reuse and waste treatment has been widely accepted by China’s policymakers，legislators and industries. But how is it possible to effectively implement this system？What exactly should we do，adhering to the initial purpose of the principle of extended producer responsibility （EPR），or accepting the possibility of its being partially followed in reality？We really should review and weigh up the initial purpose of legislation and the actual result of action while this imported legal system is increasingly integrating into China’s circular economy-relevant practices.