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    2019年中国体育场馆相关政策现状与展望——以政策工具为视角

    摘要

    《国务院关于加快发展体育产业促进体育消费的若干意见》颁布以来,国家和各省份出台了一系列有关体育场馆规划、运营与管理及财务与税收方面的政策。本文基于政策工具视角建立了体育场馆相关政策的分析框架,分别从国家层面和省份层面,对《国务院关于加快发展体育产业促进体育消费的若干意见》发布以来至2019年10月期间体育场馆的相关政策现状进行了梳理,并对其发展方向提出了建议。研究发现,国家层面上,国务院及其所属部门主要发布了20项体育场馆的相关政策,其中体育场馆的建设规划类政策5项、体育场馆的运营与管理类政策10项及体育场馆的财务与税收类政策5项,主要采取供给型和环境型政策工具来促进体育场馆发展,对需求型政策工具的运用较少;省份层面主要采用供给型政策工具,对环境型政策工具的运用较少,几乎没有使用需求型政策工具。未来,在国家层面上,体育场馆政策的发展应着重完善保障政策落地的配套性细则,进一步细化体育场馆建设规划、运营管理、财务与税收等政策;在省份层面上,体育场馆政策的发展应着重制定因地制宜的可操作性政策。同时,两个层面都应注重完善政策工具的类型结构。

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    Abstract

    Since the State Council published the “No.46 file”,China and its various provinces have established policies concerning venue planning,operation and management,as well as finance and taxation. From the perspective of policy tools,this paper establishes an analysis framework for venue-related policies and reviews the status quo of venue-related policies adopted both at the national and provincial levels between October 2014 and October 2019. Suggestions are put forward for future development of such policies. The study finds that at the national level,the State Council and its affiliates have mainly adopted 20 venue-related policies,including 5 on planning and construction,10 on operation and management,and 5 on finance and taxation;China mainly adopts supply-based and environment-oriented policy tools to develop sports venues,and rarely uses demand-based policy tools. At the provincial level,supply-based policy tools are mainly used;environment-oriented policy tools are sporadically used;few demand-type policy tools are adopted. In the future,at the national level,developing venue-related policies should focus on setting out detailed supporting rules for policy implementation;detailed policies for venue planning,operation and management,finance and taxation should be put in place. At the provincial level,the focus should be on formulating feasible policies that are tailored to local conditions. And at both the national and provincial levels,the policy tools mix should be enriched and balanced.

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    作者简介
    范松梅:范松梅,经济学博士,北京体育大学体育商学院讲师,研究方向为资源环境经济学、体育经济学。
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