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    2019年基于文献计量学的“无废城市”发展政策研究

    摘要

    随着工业化和城市化进程的日益加快,固体废物污染问题已成为全球性的环境问题之一。“无废城市”建设成为越来越多国家和地区的共同目标,随之出现了大量文献和新闻报道。面对“无废城市”领域的海量资料,在当前大数据的背景下,本报告选取国内外“无废城市”领域的研究文献,运用文献计量分析软件Citespace5。0,对领域内研究进行文献可视化分析,结合研究热点及趋势,分析国内外在“无废城市”建设方面的演化趋势和发展动向。通过对政府网站、公开资料、网络数据以及知名学者专家采访进行爬虫采集和热词词云分析,探索我国“无废城市”建设发展趋势。研究发现,国际“无废城市”理念经历了“形成期”、“发展期”、“成熟期”及“实践期”四个阶段。我国“无废城市”建设理念经历了发展初级阶段、“三化”时期、循环经济建设时期和“无废城市”建设时期四个阶段。社会关注热点方面,国外业界主要关注绿色设计、资源循环利用、“无废”生活方式以及“无废城市”地区实践。我国关注热点主要集中在“无废城市”试点建设以及为相关行业带来的机遇与挑战。本报告对比国内外政策研究情况和文献计量学分析结果,为我国“无废城市”建设提供有益的参考和启示。

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    Abstract

    With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,solid waste pollution has become one of the global environmental problems. The construction of “zero waste city” has become a common goal of different countries,and a large number of research and news reports have emerged. Facing the situation of big data in the field of “zero waste city”,this paper selects the research literature in the field of “zero waste city” at home and abroad and uses the bibliometric analysis software Citespace 5.0 to conduct research on the recent research in order to visualize the research hotspots and trends. This paper use crawler collection and hot word cloud to visualize the interviews and news paper on government websites,public materials,network data in order to explore the trend of China’s “zero waste city” development,and provide useful reference and inspiration for China’s “zero waste city” construction. The research found that the international theory of “zero waste city” has gone through four stages:“Formation”,“Development”,“Maturity” and “Implementation”. Domestic theory of “zero waste city” has gone through the four stages of the primary stage of development,the stage of “3R”,the stage of circular economy,and the stage of zero waste city. In terms of social concerns,foreign countries mainly focus on green design,recycling of resources,“zero waste” lifestyle,and the practice of “zero waste cities”. The focus in China is mainly on the pilot construction of “zero waste city” and the opportunities as well as challenges brought to related industries and stakeholders.

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    作者简介
    张上:张上,清华大学环境科学与工程博士,研究方向为固体废物环境管理。
    李金惠:李金惠,清华大学环境学院教授。
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