交通协同治理是京津冀协同发展的保障性举措,有利于加速京津冀城市群内各类要素的流通,同时是构建“多核多圈层”城市群空间形态的重要支撑。本文通过构建交通联系度模型、人口和经济引力模型,并结合12306铁路网站数据和百度迁徙大数据,对京津冀城市群各地的交通协同发展情况进行测度。具体从交通联系度排名变化情况、交通联系度与人口和经济引力指数对比情况、京津冀交通圈层内部各城市联系度对比情况、高速公路拥堵治理情况等维度进行深入分析。研究发现,京津、京保石、京唐秦的交通联系度相对较强,“三轴”发展格局具有较好的交通互联基础;2~4小时交通圈的交通协同成效较好。主要问题表现为,冀中地区与冀南地区的轨道交通联系度相对不足;部分地区之间通勤时间距离较短,人口和经济引力较强,但轨道交通联系度相对不足;秦皇岛、邢台、承德、衡水、邯郸、张家口与京津冀其他城市的日常人员往来不够紧密;京津两地、衡水、沧州、唐山、秦皇岛的高速公路拥堵治理面临较大挑战。基于此,本文提出应在顶层设计层面加强对京津冀交通互联互通基础薄弱地区的重视,实现均衡发展;在三地联防联控机制的基础上进一步构建三地多部门联动的交通协同治理常态化机制;在特大城市(京津)与周边日通勤人群密集地区构建中小型运量的运输系统;借助物联网、大数据等技术手段对京津冀范围内的交通协同问题进行治理。
<<The coordinated transportation governance is a guarantee measure for the coordinated development of Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Region,which promotes the circulation of various elements in the Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Region city cluster. Collaborative traffic governance is an important support for the construction of “multi-core and multi-layer” urban agglomeration. In this paper,by constructing relevant models,such as traffic connectivity model,population and economic gravity model,as well as using 12306.cn data and Baidu migration big data,the results of the coordinated development of traffic between different regions of the Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Region city cluster have been measured. The research found that the traffic links between Beijing-Tianjin,Beijing-Baoding-Shijiazhuang,Beijing-Tangshan-Qinhuangdao are relatively strong,the “three axes” development pattern has a good foundation of transportation interconnection;2-4 hour traffic circle of the traffic coordination effect is better. The main problem is that the rail transit connection between the central area of Hebei province and the southern area of Hebei province is relatively insufficient. In some areas,the commuting time distance is short and the population and economic gravity are strong,but the rail transit connection is relatively insufficient. Other cities in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei are not close enough. Based on this,it is suggested that we should pay more attention to the weak areas of Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Region transportation connectivity and realize balanced development at the top-level design level. On the basis of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the three places,the long-acting mechanism of the multi-sector coordinated transportation governance of the three places is further constructed. Build a medium and small-sized transportation system between the megalopolis (Beijing-Tianjin) and the surrounding areas with dense daily commuters. With the help of the Internet of things,big data and other technical means to address the difficult problems of transportation coordination in the Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Region region.
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