新能源汽车的推广对我国交通行业温室气体减排和空气污染物防控具有重要意义,但未来新能源汽车规模化推广带来的用电量与用电负荷增长,对发电侧、输电侧、配电侧、供电侧都有着深远影响。与其他用电负荷不同,新能源汽车负荷具有高度灵活性和可调度性,可以作为储能设施进行“放电”,不仅可以降低新能源汽车充电对电网的影响,也可为电力系统调控提供新的调度资源,避免大量电网和电源相关的投资浪费。与国际情况相比,我国车网协同试点项目数量较少,应用场景相对单一。通过对电网协同的经济可行性和技术可行性分析可以得出:在近期,通过峰谷电价差与有序充电实现削峰填谷、缓解配网增容的经济性较高;在2030年以后,以双向充放电方式参与调频辅助服务将具有更高的市场价值。此外,实现车网协同需要车辆、动力电池、充电桩、配电网企业的合作以及软件平台、硬件设备与通信协议之间的全方位升级与协同兼容。
<<The promotion of NEVs is of great significance to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions,prevention and control of air pollutants in China’s transportation industry. However,electricity consumption and electrical load increase brought by the large-scale promotion of NEVs shall deeply impact on the power generation side,transmission side,distribution side and supply side. Different from other power loads,the NEV load is highly flexible and dispatchable. It can serve as an energy storage facility to “discharge”,both reducing the impact of NEV charging on power grid and providing new scheduling resource for the power system regulation,so as to avoid investment wastes related to power grids and power supplies. Compared with the international situation,China’s vehicle network collaborative pilot projects are few in quantity and relatively simple in the application scenario. Conclusions are made from the analysis on the economic feasibility and technical feasibility of power grid coordination:in the near future,high economical realization of peak shaving and alleviation of network distribution and capacity expansion can be completed through the peak-valley electricity price difference and orderly charging;since 2030,frequency modulation auxiliary service through two-way charging and discharging will have higher market value. In addition,the cooperation among vehicles,power batteries,charging poles,and distribution network companies as well as the comprehensive upgrade and coordination of software platforms,hardware devices and communication protocols are required to realize the vehicle-grid collaboration.
<<Keywords: | Coordination between Blectric Vehicle and Power GridOrderly ChargingTwo-way Charging and Discharging |