Ensuring social equity and promoting social participation are of great significance for the construction of a friendly society for the elderly. This report selects 11 indicators，such as the proportion of the tertiary industry population and the number of lawyers per 10000 people，to rank the comprehensive score of social equity and social participation index and the single index score of 38 cities，and makes a comparative analysis of the five cities with the top comprehensive score and the five cities with the bottom comprehensive score，and summarizes the development characteristics of social equity and social participation in major cities in 2017 and the influencing factors behind them. Through the analysis of the changes of social equity and social participation index in cities from 2015 to 2017，the changing trend characteristics of social equity and social participation in large and medium-sized cities in China are clarified. From the point of view of building an aging friendly society，this paper puts forward three countermeasures and suggestions for further promoting social equity and expanding social participation，namely，improving the quality of economic development，paying attention to the pension service market，promoting equity and improving efficiency，paying attention to the combination of equity and efficiency，and realizing social participation and social equity with Chinese characteristics.