The proposal for Anhui to construct an innovation-oriented province is not only in line with the global trend of the development of advanced manufacturing，but also an effective measure to implement the new development concept and a beneficial measure based on Anhui’s actual development. Since the inception of the construction of an innovation-oriented province，Anhui has continuously strengthened its efforts in science and technology input and output. Through the construction of a number of platforms supporting innovation development and top-level policy support and guarantees，Anhui has achieved a series of innovation achievements. However，shortcomings still exist. Future efforts to continuously accelerate the construction of an innovation-oriented province should focus on the role of the market，strengthen the transformation of results，give play to the subjectivity of enterprises，pay attention to original innovation，grasp national strategy，guide public innovation，and internalize an innovation culture in order to achieve the goals of building an innovative province.