Bamboo industry is a new industry of Africa in recent years，which shows great development potential. The Chinese government has offered to help Africa to develop bamboo industry，since the revitalization of the African bamboo industry has brought opportunities along with the steady progress of the initiative and the establishment of friendly relationship between two sides. As a result，a lot of Chinese companies will invest in Africa bamboo industry in the future. However，as African countries balance the interests between economic development and environmental protection，a number of restrictions on investment environment will be imposed on Chinese companies. Hence，Chinese companies’ investments in the bamboo industry probably will be facing huge legal risk of environment at various stages of project construction，production and operation，and termination. Considering the operation philosophy of domestic companies and environmental laws and regulations of African countries，Chinese enterprises should construct a variety of environmental legal risk prevention measures，including extending the environmental impact assessment，implementing of list the environmental duty，and establishing the diversified settlement mechanism to resolve environmental conflicts，in order to develop the bamboo industry in a green way on the basis of protecting the ecological environment of Africa.