“一带一路”倡议的主要风险是法律风险,需要高质量的法律服务。法律服务业开放或者自由化是提高法律服务的重要途径。以TiSA、TPP等为代表的国际新标准,要求谈判国进一步解除对商业存在模式和自然人流动模式的限制,以实现更高阶段的法律服务自由化。国内自贸区的新规则由于在业务范围、市场准入、国民待遇等领域依然没有突破原有GATS承诺表的内容,因此落后于全球新标准,影响了实践效果。当前形势要求在法治原则下,继续开放国内法律服务业,宜借鉴韩、日分阶段开放法律服务市场的经验,以自贸区为平台,对接国际新标准,做好压力度测试,设置缓冲期,保护和发展国内法律服务业。未来自贸区应通过法治引领法律服务业开放,继续探索中外律所合伙制度,取消外籍律师解释和适用中国法律的限制,引入律师“飞进飞出”制度和完善律师责任险等配套立法和措施。
<<The main risk of the “Belt and Road” initiative is legal risk and requires high quality legal services. The opening or liberalization of the legal services industry is an important way to improve legal services. The new international standards,represented by TiSA and TPP,require the negotiating countries to further lift restrictions on commercial presence pattern and presence of natural persons pattern,and achieve higher levels of legal service liberalization. The new rules of the domestic free trade zone have not broken through the original GATS commitment table in the areas of business scope,market access and national treatment,so they lag behind the new global standards and the results are not good. The current situation requires that the legal service industry should continue to be opened up under the rule of law. It is advisable to learn from the experience of opening up the legal service market in a phased manner from Korea and Japan,and to use the pilot free trade zone as a platform to connect with new international standards on the one hand and stress test on the other. Set a buffer period to protect and develop the domestic legal services industry. The pilot free trade zone should lead the legal service industry through the rule of law,continue to explore the partnership system of Chinese and foreign law firms,cancel the restrictions of foreign lawyers’ interpretation and application of Chinese laws,introduce the lawyers’ “fly in and fly out” system and improve the lawyers’ liability insurance and other supporting legislation and relevant measures.
<<Keywords: | The Rule of LawLegal ServicesLiberalizationThe “Belt and Road” InitiativeJudicial Administrative Activities |