随着互联网、大数据、人工智能等新技术在行政管理和服务活动中的大量应用,传统以人际互动为基础的行政方式在模式上发生了深刻变革。人机互动式的行政自动化模式开始在实践中大量出现。近年来,国务院着眼于互联网、大数据和人工智能技术应用在提升行政效率和政府治理能力方面的显著优势,制定了一系列旨在促进新技术条件下行政管理和服务方式优化升级的规范性文件。各级地方政府亦在国家的政策导向下,在实践中探索实施了大量自动化行政活动方式。作为国家行政权力运行的一部分,行政活动方式的自动化实施同样要受《宪法》框架下依法行政原则的制约。因此,有必要从行政合法性的角度,阐述当前行政自动化发展趋势与行政法律规范体系的契合性,总结因实施方式差异而在诸如主体、程序和决定方面的具体法律问题。
<<With the massive application of new technologies such as the Internet,big data and artificial intelligence in administrative management and service activities,the traditional administrative form based on interpersonal interaction have undergone profound changes in models. The new automatic administrative model in form of “Human-Computer” interaction began to appear in large numbers in practice. In considering of the significant advantages of Internet,big data and artificial intelligence in improving administrative efficiency and good governance,the State Council has made a series of regulations aimed at promoting the optimization and upgrading of administrative activities under the conditions of new technologies. Under the guidance of national policies,the practice of administrative automation has already taken place by many local governments. As part of the operation of the state’s administrative power,the implementation of administrative automation is also subject to the principles of administration by law within the framework of the Constitution. Therefore,from the perspective of administrative legitimacy,it is necessary to explain the conformity of the current development trend of administrative automation with the administrative legal system,and to summarize specific legal issues such as subjects,procedures,and form of decisions caused by the implementation of automation.
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