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    2018年中国非遗保护的新使命、新发展和新趋势

    摘要

    2018年是贯彻党的十九大精神的开局之年。在全面贯彻落实党的十九大报告提出的要深化机构和行政体制改革,实施乡村振兴战略,坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战的背景下,我国非物质文化遗产(下称“非遗”)保护工作也获得了重要发展机遇。在“见人见物见生活”,弘扬非遗当代价值,切实加强非遗保护能力建设等理念指导下,我国非遗记录工程、文化生态保护区建设、传统工艺振兴、传承人群研修研习培训等重大项目稳步推进,非遗保护力量进一步壮大,宣传手段进一步丰富,管理机制进一步健全,社会认同进一步增强,国际影响进一步扩大。同时,我国非遗保护也面临着如何完善非遗评估体系、实施分类保护和推进学科建设等新任务。非遗评估方面,要在推进非遗项目、代表性传承人、文化生态保护区建设评估等工作的基础上,加强对非遗保护工作综合评估的研究,完善评估标准和数据库建设;分类保护方面,要在因类制宜的思路下,不断总结普适性的保护原则与方法,努力平衡不同门类项目之间的保护力度;学科建设方面,要努力推进非遗学科共同体建设,培育专业人才,为非遗保护提供稳定、专业的支持力量。

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    Abstract

    2018 was the first year to implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Under the background of comprehensively implementing the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,which proposed to deepen the reform of institutions and administrative system,implement the strategy of rural revitalization,and win the battle of poverty alleviation,the ICH safeguarding in China also obtained important development opportunities. Under the guidance of the concept of “seeing people,seeing things,seeing life”,carrying forward the contemporary value of ICH,and strengthening the ICH capacity-building,China’s major projects such as ICH record project,cultural and ecological protection zone construction,traditional handicraft revitalization,heritage group research and training have been steadily promoted,and the strength of ICH safeguarding has been further strengthened,the means of publicity has been further enriched,and the management mechanism has been further improved,as well as social identity and international influence have been further enhanced. At the same time,China’s ICH safeguarding also faces new tasks such as how to improve ICH evaluation system,implement classified protection and promote discipline construction. In terms of ICH evaluation,we should strengthen the research on the comprehensive evaluation of ICH and improve the evaluation standards and database construction on the basis of promoting the evaluation work of ICH projects,inheritors,cultural and ecological protection areas. In terms of classified protection,it is necessary to summarize the general protection principles and methods under the consideration of category based measures,and strive to balance the protection efforts among different categories of projects;As well as in terms of discipline construction,efforts should be made to promote the construction of ICH discipline community,cultivate professional talents and provide stable and professional support for ICH safeguarding.

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    作者简介
    宋俊华:宋俊华(1968~ ),男,陕西富平人。现任教育部人文社会科学百所重点研究基地——中山大学中国非物质文化遗产研究中心主任,中山大学中文系教授、博士生导师,中山大学新华学院中文系主任,《文化遗产》主编,国家社科基金重大项目首席专家,国家公共文化服务体系建设专家委员会委员。研究方向:非物质文化遗产学,戏曲学。
    周波:周波(1981~ ),男,湖南怀化人,中山大学中文系、中国非物质文化遗产研究中心博士研究生。研究方向:非物质文化遗产学。
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