Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China，we have introduced many burden-reduction policies for primary and middle school students. In 2019，24 provinces and cities in China have formulated the implementation plan of these policies. In practice，however，there are some realistic difficulties. Therefore，it is necessary to establish a scientific view of “reducing the burden”，strengthen the consensus on its value，improve the policies and related system construction according to local conditions，make solid progress in the reform of educational evaluation and the examination and enrollment system，thus realizing balanced，diversified and selective development of basic education.