Since 2009，Mainland China has participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment（PISA）for 10 years and four times. There are two aspects in domestic attention about PISA. One is the interpretation and analysis of PISA test contents and test results，including the analysis of subject curriculum contents，curriculum evaluation，factors affecting academic performance，balanced development of basic education and other perspectives. The other is the meta-cognition of PISA，including the value of education globalization promoted by PISA. As an assessment programme，PISA is not all-encompassing，which needs to be clarified. As an international project，we should pay more attention to the educational features of the countries behind the rankings and learn from them rationally based on the domestic.