Affected by the change in the school-age population and the staffing austerity policy，the contradiction between supply and demand of teachers is prominent，which is mainly manifested in that the current authorized size of teachers fails to fit the dynamic change of the school-age population or guarantee the quality of compulsory education，and the management of authorized teachers is not conducive to the optimization of staffing structure. In order to achieve a trade-off between supply and demand of teachers，reform and practice have been carried out in various places，including circulating resources within the system，implementing the employment system for all and hiring teachers outside the staffing system. However，limitations still exist. Based on the premise of ensuring the quality and stability of the teaching staff，we should establish a scientific allocation system of authorized teachers，broaden the channels to supplement，and improve the withdrawal mechanism.