在上海、浙江等6省市实施“3+3”高考模式之后,广东等8省市宣布将采取“3+1+2”高考模式。“3+1+2”模式是高考改革因地制宜的结果,但存在是否依旧实行文理分科的争议,以及学生选科与大学招生计划匹配的难题。本文对“3+1+2”模式的利弊进行了全面分析,指出高考改革的核心不是科目改革,科目改革具有很大的局限性,而应该坚持招考分离原则,进一步推进录取制度改革,真正落实“两依据一参考”,这样才能发挥科目改革的价值,建议加大综合素质评价改革的力度,鼓励各地探索本省(区、市)的招考分离改革。
<<To reform their college entrance examination systems,Shanghai,Zhejiang and four other provinces and municipalities in China have implemented the “3+3” model,where the first “3” stands for the three required subjects:Chinese,mathematics and English language,while the second “3” stands for the three subjects students can choose from physics,chemistry,biology,politics,history,geography and/or technology. Now eight other places including Guangdong province have announced adoption of a “3+1+2” model,where “3” stands for the same three required subjects,“1” for physics and history,and “2” for chemistry,biology,ideological politics and geography. The “3+1+2” model is the result of adapting local conditions to the college entrance examination reform. However,there are still disputes over whether the liberal arts and science subjects are still implemented,and the difficulty of matching student selection with university admissions plans. Based on an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the latter model,this article emphasizes that the ongoing reform in college entrance examination should focus on admission instead of subject,which has great limitations. It is suggested to strengthen the reform of comprehensive quality evaluation and encourage all regions to explore the reform of separation of admissions and examinations.
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