Based on the current situation of the employment of college students among poverty-stricken population，including learning，social participation，family and poverty status，life experience and so on，this study makes a descriptive analysis of the development of the employment and entrepreneurship of college graduates returning home，relevant data of the willingness and policy expectation of college students returning home for employment and entrepreneurship，and explores the behavior and intention of returning home for employment and entrepreneurship. From the four perspectives of individual characteristics，family capital，human capital and school capital，this paper uses econometric model to analyze the influencing factors of college graduates’ returning home behavior，entrepreneurial behavior，return intention and entrepreneurial intention of college students. From the results of regression and path analysis，gender，father’s highest education，community activities，entrepreneurial services and other variables have different degrees of direct and indirect effects on behavior and willingness. Among them，the influence of various factors on graduates’ entrepreneurial behavior is through the influence of their entrepreneurial willingness. In view of the above empirical study，this paper discusses the main problems of college students’ returning to their hometown for entrepreneurship and employment，and provides countermeasures and suggestions for improving the willingness and behavior of their returning to their hometown and entrepreneurship.