In the context of targeted poverty alleviation，it is an important thing of our country to realize more adequate and higher quality employment of college students from poverty families of file establishment. The results showed that the entrepreneurial intention and the incidence of entrepreneurial behavior of the graduates and college students were low，and the entrepreneurial motivation showed the characteristics of individual achievement. There is a gap between “ideal and reality” in the acquisition of entrepreneurial capital. Both groups have space for improvement in the core competence of entrepreneurship；the existing entrepreneurial services mainly focus on lectures；the students have strong policy expectations and interest demands. Through Logistic regression，it was found that gender，school type，major type，family economic pressure，entrepreneurship education in colleges，policy cognition degree and entrepreneurship ability were significantly correlated with the entrepreneurial intention of college students. Therefore，we should build diversified financing channels. Moreover，improve the environment for innovation and entrepreneurship，and introduce special policies to support employment and entrepreneurship. Besides we need improve the ability to start a business and change career mentality；we also need to change the employment concept of poverty families and strengthen employment and entrepreneurship services for college students among the poverty population of file establishment.