This report takes private medical institutions as the object of observation，by discussing the role of China's social forces in medical and health care and the challenges they are facing today，to get a better understanding of common sense of public welfare and industrial nature，which can help us think deeply about how to promote the development of a health industry. On the basis of clarifying the basic concepts and extensions of private medical institutions，this report clarifies the functional orientation of private medical institutions in China's medical service system，systematically analyzes the current development of private medical institutions in China.This report thoroughly analyses the problems of lack of high-quality personnel and imperfect exit mechanism in the development of social medical institutions，and puts forward some countermeasures，such as strengthening the construction of personnel team in non-public medical institutions and improving the mechanism of changing the nature of medical institutions.