The rapid development and widespread application of big data have posed new challenges to China’s legal system. Aimed at helping the government and the society to better understand the development of big data under the rule of law and its regional differences，we adopt the index model to carry out a systematic assessment of the development of big data under the rule of law. Starting from three dimensions of big data under the rule of law（i.e.，legislation and jurisdiction on big data，and data rights protection），the paper establishes an evaluation system for the index of big data under the rule of law by adopting three 1st class indicators and nine 2nd class indicators. Through the analysis，de-construction，quantization and calculation，we aim to conduct a systematic evaluation of the status quo of big data under the rule of law.